棣

棣 U+68E3, 棣 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-68E3 ← 棢 [U+68E2] CJK Unified Ideographs 棤 → [U+68E4]

Translingual

Han character

棣 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 木中水 (DLE), four-corner 4593₂, composition ⿰木隶)

Further reading

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 533, character 18
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14957
• Dae Jaweon: page 921, character 16
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1240, character 3
• Unihan data for U+68E3

Chinese

trad.		棣
simp. #		棣

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (隶) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
曃	*l̥ʰɯːds
埭	*l'ɯːds
逮	*l'ɯːds, *l'ɯːds
靆	*l'ɯːds
齂	*hmrɯːds, *hmrɯds, *mrɯːd
棣	*l'ɯːds
隸	*rɯːds
肆	*hljɯds
蕼	*hljɯds
肂	*hljɯds
殔	*lɯds
隶	*lɯds

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'ɯːds) : semantic 木 (“wood; tree”) + phonetic 隶 (OC *lɯds)

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): dì (di⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄧˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): dai⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dì
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dì
    • Wade–Giles: ti⁴
    • Yale: dì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dih
    • Palladius: ди (di)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ti⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: dai⁶
    • Yale: daih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dai⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: dei⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɐi̯²²/

---

• Middle Chinese: dejH

Rime
Character	棣
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	齊 (39)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	特計切
Baxter	dejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/deiH/
Pan Wuyun	/deiH/
Shao Rongfen	/dɛiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dɛjH/
Li Rong	/deiH/
Wang Li	/dieiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱieiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	dai6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[N].rˤəp-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*l'ɯːds/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	棣
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	dì
Middle Chinese	‹ dejH ›
Old Chinese	/*[N].rˁəp-s/
English	dang-dejH cherry tree
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	棣
Reading #	1/1
No.	7958
Phonetic component	隶
Rime group	隊
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	第
Old Chinese	/*l'ɯːds/

Definitions

棣

1. (botany) Kerria japonica
2. cherry tree

   • 常棣之華，鄂不韡韡。凡今之人，莫如兄弟。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     常棣之华，鄂不𮧵𮧵。凡今之人，莫如兄弟。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Chángdì zhī huá, è bù wěiwěi. Fán jīn zhī rén, mò rú xiōngdì. [Pinyin]

     The flowers of the cherry tree—
     Are they not gorgeously displayed?
     Of all the men in the world
     There are none equal to brothers.

3. ^† younger brother

   alt. forms: 弟 (dì)

4. a surname

Compounds

• 唐棣 (tángdì, “Prunus japonica, brothers”)
• 常棣 (chángdì, “Prunus japonica, brothers”)
• 棣棠 (dìtáng, “kerria, Kerria japonica”)
• 棠棣 (tángdì, “Prunus japonica, brothers”)
• 棣棠花 (“kerria, Kerria japonica”)
• 棣花 (Dìhuā)
• 棣華／棣华
• 棣鄂
• 無棣／无棣

 

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tì (ti⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄧˋ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tì
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tì
    • Wade–Giles: tʻi⁴
    • Yale: tì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tih
    • Palladius: ти (ti)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi⁵¹/

Definitions

棣

1. ^† to attain; to reach

   • 正月，《乾》之九三，萬物棣通。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     正月，《乾》之九三，万物棣通。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of Han, circa 1^st century CE

     Zhèngyuè, “qián” zhī jiǔ sān, wànwù tìtōng. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Compounds

• 棣通
• 棣達／棣达

 

Pronunciation 3

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): dài (dai⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄞˋ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dài
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄞˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dài
    • Wade–Giles: tai⁴
    • Yale: dài
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: day
    • Palladius: дай (daj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /taɪ̯⁵¹/

Definitions

棣

1. Only used in 棣棣 (dàidài).

   • 我心匪席，不可卷也。威儀棣棣，不可選也。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     我心匪席，不可卷也。威仪棣棣，不可选也。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Wǒ xīn fěi xí, bùkě juǎn yě. Wēi yí dàidài, bùkě xuǎn yě. [Pinyin]

     My mind is not a mat;
     It cannot be rolled up.
     My deportment has been dignified and good,
     With nothing wrong which can be pointed out.

Japanese

Kanji

棣

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. (botany) Kerria japonica

Readings

• Go-on: だい (dai)
• Kan-on: てい (tei)
• On: たい (tai)
• Kun: にわざくら (niwazakura); いくり (ikuri); にわうめ (niwaume)
• Nanori: とおる (tōru)

Compounds

• 棣棠(ヤマブキ) (yamabuki)

Korean

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 棣 (MC dejH).

Historical readings
Recorded as Middle Korean 똉〮 (Yale: ttyéy) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448. Recorded as Middle Korean 톄〯 (thyěy) (Yale: thyěy) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕʰe̞]
• Phonetic hangul: [체]

Hanja

Wikisource

棣 (eumhun 산앵두나무 체 (sanaengdunamu che))

1. Hanja form^? of 체 (“Vaccinium koreanum”).
2. (literary) Hanja form^? of 체 (“to attain; to reach”).

Compounds

Compounds

• 체당 (棣棠, chedang)
• 체통 (棣通, chetong)
• 체화 (棣華, chehwa)
• 체당화 (棣棠花, chedanghwa)
• 체악지정 (棣鄂之情, cheakjijeong)

Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 棣.

Historical readings
Recorded as Middle Korean ᄄᆡᆼ〮 (Yale: ttóy) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [tʰɛ] ~ [tʰe̞]
• Phonetic hangul: [태/테]

Hanja

棣 (eumhun 익숙할 태 (iksukhal tae))

1. (literary) Hanja form^? of 태 (“courteous appearance”).

Compounds

Compounds

• 태태 (棣棣, taetae)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese

Han character

棣: Hán Việt readings: đệ (大(đại)計(kế)切(thiết)), lệ

1. chữ Hán form of đệ (“brother; sibling”).
2. chữ Hán form of lệ (“Kerria japonica”).