ویکیفەرھەنگ:ڕێکخستنی سەروشە

ئەم پەڕە لەژێر وەرگێران و ئامادەکردندایە. تکایە گەر دەزانیت چی بکەیت و بەدروستی کاری تێدا دەکەیت، یارمەتیی بەکوردیکردنی بدە.

“WT:MOS” redirects here. For the style guide, see Wiktionary:Style guide.

ئەمە پێڕستێکە لەو پێوەرانەی کە ئەوە ڕوون دەکاتەوە پێویستە شێوازی سەروشەیەک چۆن بێت. ئەمە ئەو بەشانەی کە ڕێگەیان پێ دراوە و ئەو ناوەڕۆکانەشی کە چاوەڕوان دەکرێت تێیاندا بێت لەخۆدەگرێت. These rules reflect what editors think as best concerning the standard format of an entry.

گوێڕایەڵی

لەکاتێکدا ڕەنگە زانیارییەکانی خوارەوە چەند جۆرێک لە شێوەی «ستاندارد» بنوێنن، بەڵام کۆمەڵەیاسایەکی توند نین. لەوانەیە بتەوێت ھەندێک تاقیکردنەوەی لەڕێلادان بکەیت، بەڵام لەوانەیە دەستکاریکەرەکانی تر ئەو لادانانە بە پەسەندنەکراو بزانن، و ئەو دەستکارییانە بگەڕێننەوە. ئەوان ئەوەندە مافیان ھەیە تا ئەو کارە بکەن وەک چۆن تۆ ھەتە. ئامادە بە تا وتووێژ لەسەر ئەو گۆڕانکارییانە بکەیت. ئەگەر دەتەوێت شێوازەکەت پەسەند بکرێت، پێویستە داوایەک بۆ ئەوە دروست بکەیت. مەگەر ھۆکارێکی باش بۆ لادان ھەبێت ئەگینا دەبێت ستانداردەکە وەک خۆی ڕەچاو بکرێت. ئەگەر ڕەتی بکەیتەوە کە وتووێژ بکەیت یان خۆت بخەیتە نێو شەڕەدەستکارییەوە، ئەوا ڕەنگە لە باسە ناپەیوەندیدارەکانی تریشدا کاریگەری بخاتە سەر باوەڕپێکراویت.

بنچینەکان

نموونەیەکی زۆر سادە

ئەمە سەروشەیەکی سادەیە بۆ وشەی چەرپا، و بنەڕەتیترین توخمەکانی سەوشەیەک پیشان دەدات:

1. زمانی وشە (بە سەردێڕی ئاستی ٢)،
2. بەشی گۆکردنەکەی یان «جۆرەکەی» (بە سەردێڕی ئاستی ٣)،
3. وشەکە خۆی (بە بەکارھێنانی the correct headword template)،
4. پێناسەیەک (کە لە پێشیدا «#» ھەبێت، کە ئەمە دەبێتە ھۆی دروستکردنی پێڕستی ژمارەکراو بە شێوەیەکی خۆگەڕ)،
5. لە پێناسەکەدا بەستەر بە وشە سەرەکییەکان بدە،
6. «سەرچاوەکان» (بە سەردێڕی ئاستی ٣)، و
7. شوێنێکی سەلمێنراو کە وشەکەت لێی دۆزیوەتەوە.

دەتوانرێت ئەم نموونە لەبەر بگیرێتەوە و بەکاربھێنرێت تا دەست بە سەروشە یان بەشێکی سەروشەیەک بکەیت.

==کوردی==

===ناو===
{{en-noun}}

# تەختی [[نووستن]]

===سەرچاوەکان===
* ''فەرھەنگی ھەنبانەبۆرینە'' 	 

گۆڕانکارییەکانی زمانەکانی دیکە لەچاو ئینگلیزی

Entries for terms in other languages should follow the standard format as closely as possible regardless of the language of the word. However, a translation into English should normally be given instead of a definition, including a gloss to indicate which meaning of the English translation is intended. Also, the translations section should be omitted.

For languages written in other scripts (Japanese, Gothic, etc.), we have romanization systems in place. It is required that each romanization entry contain at least one definition line starting with “#” in the wikitext.

Some languages do have characteristics that require variation from the standard format. For links to these variations see Wiktionary:Language considerations.

پێڕستی سەردێڕەکان

سەردێڕی زیاتر ھەن کە پێویستە زیادیان بکەیت گەر ڕێی تێ بچێت، بەڵام گەر شارەزایی، سەرچاوە یان کاتی پێویستت نییە، ناچار نیت کە زیادیان بکەیت، ئەمە بەدەر لە ئەگەری «سەرچاوەکان». پێڕستەکەی خوارەوە پێڕستێکی تایبەت نییە؛ لەوانەیە سەردێڕەکانی تر لە چەند بارودۆخێکدا پێویست بن. ڕیزبەندییەکەی خوارەوە پێشنیار کراوە، بەڵام جیاوازی لە ڕیزبەندییەکە ڕێگەی پێ دراوە.

سەروشەیەکی ئاسایی کە زۆرێک لەم سەردێڕە زیادانە بەکاردێنێت دەتوانرێت بەم شێوەیە ڕێک بخرێ:

==کوردی==
===شێوە جێگرەوەکان===
===وشەڕەتناسی===
===گۆکردن===
* Phonetic transcriptions
* Audio files in any relevant dialects
* Rhymes
* Homophones
* Hyphenation
===ناو===
Headword line
# Meaning 1
#* Quotations
# Meaning 2
#* Quotations
     ھتد.
====بەکارھێنانی تێبینییەکان====
====ھاوماناکان====
====دژەکان====
====Hypernyms====
====Hyponyms====
====Meronyms====
====Holonyms====
====Troponyms====
====Coordinate terms====
====زاراوە داتاشراوەکان====
====زاراوە پەیوەندیدارەکان====
====Collocations====
====Descendants====
====وەرگێڕانەکان====
===سەرچاوەکان===
===خوێندنەوەی زیاتر===
===کار===
Headword line
# Meaning 1
#* Quotations
     etc.
====بەکارھێنانی تێبینییەکان====
====ھاوماناکان====
====دژەکان====
====Hypernyms====
====Hyponyms====
====Meronyms====
====Holonyms====
====Troponyms====
====Coordinate terms====
====زاراوە داتاشراوەکان====
====زاراوە پەیوەندیدارەکان====
====Collocations====
====Descendants====
====وەرگێڕانەکان====
===سەرچاوەکان===
===خوێندنەوەی زیاتر===
===Anagrams===
---- (Dividing line between languages)
==ئینگلیزی==
===وشەڕەتناسی===
===گۆکردن===
===ناو===
Headword line
# واتای یەکەم لە ئینگلیزیدا
#* Quotation in Finnish
#** Quotation translated into English
# Meaning 2 in English
#* Quotation in Finnish
#** Quotation translated into English
====ھاوماناکان====
====زاراوە داتاشراوەکان====
====زاراوە پەیوەندیدارەکان====

A key principle in ordering the headings and indentation levels is nesting. The order shown above accomplishes this most of the time. A heading placed at one level includes everything that follows until an equivalent level is encountered. If a word can be a noun and a verb, everything that derives from its being the first chosen part of speech should be put before the second one is started. Nesting is a key principle of Wiktionary's entry layout norms, but it is difficult to describe with only a few words. If you have problems with it, look at existing entries or ask a more experienced editor for help.

سەردێڕەکانی پێش پێناسەکان

بەگشتی، سەردێڕەکانی ئەم گرووپە پشت بە مانای وشەکە نابەستن بەڵکوو ژینگەیەک دروست دەکەن کە ڕێ بۆ وشەکە و پەیوەندییەکەی بە وشەکانی ترەوە خۆش دەکات، و ڕێگەمان پێ دەدات تا وشەکە لەوانی تر جیا بکەینەوە کە دەشێ لە چەند ڕوویەکەوە لە یەک بچن. دەستووری سەردێڕەکان:

• شێوە جێگرەوەکان
• باسکردن
• خۆشخان
• وشەڕەتناسی
• گۆکردن (or Production for sign language entries)

سەردێڕەکانی دوای پێناسەکان

ئەم سەردێڕانە بەگشتی لە زانینی مانای وشەکەوە وەرگیراون. دەستووری سەردێڕەکان:

• بەکارھێنانی تێبینییەکان
• Reconstruction notes
• Inflection, Declension or Conjugation
• Mutation
• وتەکان (when not given under a particular sense)
• شێوە جێگرەوەکان
• Alternative reconstructions
• ھاوماناکان
• دژەکان
• Hypernyms
• Hyponyms
• Meronyms
• Holonyms
• Troponyms
• Coordinate terms
• زاراوە داتاشراوەکان
• زاراوە پەیوەندیدارەکان
• ڕێخستنەکان
• نەوەکان
• وەرگێڕانەکان
• Trivia
• ئەمانەش ببینە
• سەرچاوەکان
• خوێندنەوەی زیاتر
• Anagrams

ناوەڕۆک

ناوی سەروشە

ناوی سەروشەکە بریتییە لەو زاراوە، دەستەواژە، ھێما، مۆرفیم، یان ھەر یەکەیەکی تری پەیوەندیدار بە وشەیەی کە دەبێت پێناسە بکرێت.

بۆ ئەو زمانانەی کە دوو شێوازی نووسینیان ھەیە، عادەتەن ناوی سەروشەکە بە پیتی بچووک دەست پێ دەکات. بۆ نموونە، work بۆ ناو و کارە ئینگلیزییەکە بەکاربێنە، نەک Work. ئەو وشانەی کە لە دەقی سەرەکیی بەڵگەنامەیەک بە پیتی گەورە دەست پێ دەکەن ئاوارتەن. نموونە ئاسایییەکانی وەک ناوی تایبەت (Paris، Neptune)، ناوی ئەڵمانی (Brot، Straße)، و زۆربەی کورتکراوەکان (PC، DIY). ئەگەر کەسێک ھەوڵی دا کە بە پیتی گەورەی نادروست دەست پێ بکات و بچێتە سەر سەروشەیەک، ئەوا نەرمامێرەکە بەشێوەیەکی خۆگەڕانە ھەوڵی ڕەوانەکردنی دەدات بۆسەر پەڕە دروستەکە.

بۆ پێشگر، پاشگر و مۆرفیمەکانی تری زۆربەی زمانەکان، نووسەی «-» لەو شوێنە دانێ کە بە وشەکانی ترەوە دەبەسترێتەوە وەک: pre-، -ation، -a-، ھتد.

لەبەر سنووردارییەکانی نەرمامێرەکە ناونیشانی چەند پەڕەیەک ناتوانرێ دروست بکرێ کە ئەمە زیاتر لەبەر ئەوەیە چونکە ھێمای دیاریکراویان تێدایە وەک # یان |، یانیش زۆر درێژن. پێڕستی تەواوی ئەو سەروشانە لە Appendix:Unsupported titles بەردەستن. ئەوانە بە بەکارھێنانی شێوازی باسەکیی «Unsupported titles/Number sign» ناویان لێ نراوە، لەکاتێکدا بە بەکارھێنانی جاڤاسکریپت ناونیشانەکانیان ڕاست کراونەتەوە تا وەک سەروشەیەکی ئاسایی دەرکەون.

For names of matched-pair entries such as ( ) and * *, see Wiktionary:Matched-pair entries § Entry name.

For names of sign language entries, see Wiktionary:About sign languages § Entry name.

پێش یەکەم بەشی زمان

When multiple capitalizations, punctuation, diacritics, ligatures, scripts and combinations with numbers and other symbols exist, such as pan (as in “frying pan”), Pan (the Greek god), pan- (meaning “all-”) and パン (pan) (Japanese for “bread”), use the template {{also}} at the top of the page to cross-link between them: {{also|Pan|PAN|pan-|Pan-}}. When there are too many variations, place them in a separate appendix page, in this case Appendix:Variations of "pan".

زمان

• ھەر سەروشەیەک سەردێڕێک یان زیاتری لە ئاستی ٢ بۆ بەشی زمانەکان تێدایە. بۆ نموونە، سەروشەی sea لە ئینگلیزی و ئیسپانی دوو مانای جیاوازی ھەیە، لەکاتێکدا ھەردووکیان لە ھەمان پەڕەن.
• بۆ ئەو زمانانەی کە چەند ناوێکیان ھەیە، یەک ناو ھەڵدەبێردرێت کە دەبێت لە تەواوی ویکیفەرھەنگ بەکاربھێنرێت. بە شێوەیەکی ئاسایی، ئەمە ناوێکی ئینگلیزییە بۆ زمانەکە. بۆ زانیاریی زیاتر بڕوانە Wiktionary:Languages.
• پێشەنگی دراوە بە تڕانزلینگواڵ: ئەم سەردێڕە ئەو زاراوانە دەگرێتەوە کە لە گشت زمانەکاندا وەک خۆیان دەمێننەوە. ئەمە ناوە زانستییەکان، ھێمای توخمە کیمیایییەکان و کورتکراوەکانی یەکە نێونەتەوەیییەکان بۆ پێوان دەگرێتەوە؛ بۆ نموونە Homo sapiens، He (“helium”)، و km (“kilometre”). سەرەتا کوردی دێت، چونکە ئەمە ویکیفەرھەنگی کوردییە. دوای ئەویش بەپێی ئەلفوبێ زمانەکانی تر دێن.
• دەبێت بەشەکانی زمان بە ھێڵێکی ئاسۆیی، کە بە چوار داش (----) دروست دەکرێ، لە یەکتری جیا بکرێنەوە.

بەشی ئاخاوتن

داڕێژە:shortcut بەشی ئاخاوتن شێوەیەکە وەک ناو و هاوەڵناو؛ جیاوازن لە زماندا، دەستەواژە، هێما، شێوە وە یەکە زاراوەکانی تر لە ویکیفەرهەنگ . Each entry has one or more POS sections. In each, there is a headword line, followed by the definitions themselves.

Allowed POS headers:

• بەشی ئاخاوتن: هاوەڵناو, هاوەڵکار, Ambiposition, وتار, Circumposition, پۆلێن, Conjunction, Contraction, Counter, Determiner, Ideophone, Interjection, ناو, Numeral, بکەر, دژParticle, Postposition, Preposition, جێناو, Proper noun, فەرمان
• Morphemes: Circumfix, Combining form, Infix, Interfix, Prefix, Root, Suffix
• هێما و کەسایەتییەکان: Diacritical mark, Letter, Ligature, ژمارە, Punctuation mark, Syllable, هێما
• Phrases: Phrase, Proverb, Prepositional phrase
• Han characters and language-specific varieties: Han character, Hanzi, Kanji, Hanja
• Romanization
• Logogram
• Determinative

Other headers can be proposed as new additions to the list. The use of nonstandard POS headers may cause an entry to be categorized in a cleanup category for further inspection.

Some POS headers are explicitly disallowed:

• Abbreviation, Acronym, Initialism
• “(POS) form”: Verb form, Noun form, etc.
• “(POS) phrase”: Noun phrase, Verb phrase, etc. (with the exception of Prepositional phrase)
• “(attribute) (POS)”: Transitive verb, Personal pronoun, etc. (with the exception of Proper noun)
• “(POS) (number)”: Noun 1, Noun 2, etc.
• Cardinal number, Ordinal number, Cardinal numeral, Ordinal numeral (note that ordinal numbers like first are classified as adjectives but put in Category:English ordinal numbers by a template and fractions like seven eighths are nouns, and are added to Category:English fractional numbers by a template)
• Clitic, Gerund, Idiom

Headword line

The headword line is the line directly below the part of speech header, in which the word is repeated, along with a romanization if applicable. You can use either the generic template {{head}} or language-specific templates, such as {{en-noun}} for English nouns. In some languages, additional information such as genders and inflected forms are found in the headword line.

• For an overview of templates used, see Wiktionary:Templates § Headword-line templates.
• For examples in English entries, see Wiktionary:English entry guidelines § Headword-line templates.

پێناسەکان

The definitions are in the POS section, below the headword line. The definitions are organized as a numbered list. The numbers are generated by adding the number sign (#) at the start of each definition in the wikitext. The key terms of a definition should be linked to the respective entries.

The vote “2006-12/form-of style” is relevant to this section, without specifying text to be amended in this document, so please see it for details.

The vote “2010-08/Italicizing use-with-mention” is relevant to this section, without specifying text to be amended in this document, so please see it for details.

For definitions concerning matched-pair entries and their components, see Wiktionary:Matched-pair entries § Definitions and redirects.

کورتکراوەکان

For abbreviations, acronyms and initialisms (such as PC and SNAFU), the definitions usually use templates linking to the expanded forms of the abbreviation. For example, one of the senses in the entry PC may be a template that displays “Initialism of personal computer.” Do not capitalise words in the expanded form unless that is how the expanded form is usually written. (In the previous example, don’t write “Personal Computer”.) Where the expanded form is an entry that exists (or should exist) in Wiktionary, link to it. Otherwise, if an appropriate Wikipedia article exists, link to it. When the expanded form does not merit either a Wiktionary entry or a Wikipedia article, link it to its component words. You may expand the definition with a gloss if appropriate.

Context labels

A context label identifies a definition which only applies in a restricted context. Such labels indicate, for example, that the following definition occurs in a limited geographic region or temporal period, or is used only by specialists in a particular field and not by the general population. Many context label templates also place an entry into a relevant category, but they must not be used merely for categorization (see category links, below). One or more labels may be placed before the definition:

An example context label

wikitext	result
# {{lb|en|informal}} An [[informant]] or [[snitch]].	داڕێژە:lb An informant or snitch.

Details in Wiktionary:Context labels.

نموونەڕستەکان

وتاری سەرەکی: Wiktionary:Example sentences

Generally, every definition should be accompanied by one or more quotations illustrating that definition. Quotations are supplemented by example sentences, which are devised by Wiktionary editors in order to illustrate definitions. Example sentences should:

• be grammatically complete sentences, beginning with a capital letter and ending with a period, question mark, or exclamation point.
• be placed immediately after the applicable numbered definition, and before any quotations associated with that specific definition.
• be italicized, with the defined term boldfaced.
• be as brief as possible while still clarifying the sense of the term. (In rare cases, examples consisting of two brief sentences may work best.)
• be indented using the “#:” command placed at the start of the line.
• for languages in non-Latin scripts, a transcription is to be given in the line below, with an additional level of indentation: “#::”.
• for languages other than English, a translation is to be given in the line below (i.e. below the sentence or below the transcription), with an additional level of indentation: “#::”, and with the translation of the defined term boldfaced.
• not contain wikilinks (the words should be easy enough to understand without additional lookup).

The goal of the example sentences is the following, which is to be kept in mind when making one up:

1. To place the term in a context in which it is likely to appear, addressing level of formality, dialect, etc.
2. To provide notable collocations, particularly those that are not idiomatic.
3. To select scenarios in which the meaning of the example itself is clear.
4. To illustrate the meaning of the term to the extent that a definition is obtuse.
5. To exemplify varying grammatical frames that are well understood, especially those that may not be obvious, for instance relying on collocation with a preposition.

شێوە جێگرەوەکان

داڕێژە:shortcut Some variations of the same word kept in multiple pages include:

• regional variations: color, colour; center, centre
• historical variations: anæmia, anaemia; coördinate, coordinate
• hyphenization/compounds: tea cup, tea-cup, teacup
• style variation: naiveté, naïveté
• uncertain capitalization: laser, LASER
• different scripts: реч, reč (Serbo-Croatian for word)

باسکردن

The “Description” section is placed in entries for symbols, containing a visual description of the current symbol.

Section contents:

1. The visual description should be as short as possible. Just using the name from the Unicode codepoint should usually be enough for the character description.
   • The entry ⌛ (Unicode name: HOURGLASS) may be described as “An hourglass.”
2. When the Unicode codepoint name does not tell anything about the character shape, a short shape description may be added in one’s own words.
   • The entry 🔗 (Unicode name: LINK SYMBOL) may be described as “Two or three interlocked chain links.”
3. Major rendering variations may be mentioned.
   • The entry 🏦 (Unicode name: BANK) may mention: “This is sometimes rendered as a bank emoji, or just the written word ‘bank’.”

وشەڕەتناسی

وتاری سەرەکی: Wiktionary:Etymology

The first header below the language heading is usually the level 3 “Etymology” header. The etymology is given right below the header without indentation. Etymology essentially shows where the word comes from. This may show the forms in other languages that underlie the word. For many modern words it may show who coined the word. If a word is derived from another in the same language by a regular rule, such as formation of an English adverb by adding “ly”, it is not necessary to repeat the complete details of the word’s origin on the page for the derived word.

Sometimes two words with different etymologies belong in the same entry because they are spelled the same (they are homographs). In such a case there will be more than one “Etymology” header, which we number. Hence for a word like lead the basic header skeleton looks like this:

===وشەڕەتناسیی ١===
====گۆکردن====
====ناو====
===وشەڕەتناسیی ٢===
====گۆکردن====
====ناو====
====کار====

Note that in the case of multiple etymologies, all subordinate headers need to have their levels increased by 1 in order to comply with the fundamental concept of showing dependence through nesting.

The vote “2007-10/style for mentioned terms” is relevant to this section, without specifying text to be amended in this document, so please see it for details.

گۆکردن

وتاری سەرەکی: Wiktionary:Pronunciation

The “Pronunciation” section includes the transcriptions, audio pronunciations, rhymes, hyphenations and homophones.

• The region or accent ({{a|GA}}, {{a|RP}}, {{a|Australia}}, et al.) is first if there is regional variation, followed by the name of the transcription system, then a colon, then the transcription. It is preferable to use an established transcription system, such as enPR or IPA (see Wiktionary:Pronunciation key for an outline of these two systems). Phonemic transcriptions are normally placed between diagonal strokes (/ /), and phonetic transcriptions between square brackets (داڕێژە:unsupported).
• For audio pronunciations, upload the Ogg file to Commons and link to it using {{audio}} or a similar template.
• Rhymes are listed in the “Rhymes” namespace. Do not list rhymes in the entry; instead, add a link to the respective rhymes page using {{rhymes}}. See the template for usage instructions.
• Use the template {{hyphenation}} to list hyphenation patterns.
• Homophones are words in the same language that have the same sound. (Avoid using the ambiguous term homonym, as it can mean either homophone or homograph.) Do not add: 1) words that are “nearly” homophones or rhymes (for example, for right, do not add white or light); 2) words that are homophones if they are mispronounced in some way (e.g. for miss, do not add myth); 3) words from other languages (which are unlikely to be true homophones anyway). Homophones are listed in alphabetical order using the {{homophones}} template. If a word is a homophone in a particular dialect, it may be added provided the dialect is indicated (for example, latter is a homophone of ladder in accents with flapping, and farther is a homophone of father in some non-rhotic accents).

A typical pronunciation section may look like the following (simplified) example based on the word symbol:

* {{IPA|en|/ˈsɪmbəl/}}
* {{audio|en|en-us-symbol.ogg|Audio (US)}}
* {{rhymes|en|ɪmbəl}}
* {{hyphenation|en|sym|bol}}
* {{homophones|en|cymbal}}

• ئای پی ئەی^(کلیل): /ˈsɪmbəl/

• en-us-symbol.ogg

  noicon

  (file)

• داڕێژە:rhymes
• داڕێژە:hyphenation
• داڕێژە:homophones

Example with multiple accents (see entry portmanteau):

* {{a|RP}} {{IPA|en|/pɔːtˈmæn.təʊ/}}
* {{a|US}} {{enPR|pôrtmă'ntō}}, {{IPA|en|/pɔɹtˈmæntoʊ/}}; {{enPR|pô'rtmăntōʹ}}, {{IPA|en|/ˌpɔɹtmænˈtoʊ/}}

• داڕێژە:a ئای پی ئەی^(کلیل): /pɔːtˈmæn.təʊ/
• داڕێژە:a داڕێژە:enPR, ئای پی ئەی^(کلیل): /pɔɹtˈmæntoʊ/; داڕێژە:enPR, ئای پی ئەی^(کلیل): /ˌpɔɹtmænˈtoʊ/

Examples with homophones depending on the dialect (see entries ladder and father, respectively):

* {{homophones|en|latter}} {{q|in accents with [[flapping]]}}
* {{homophones|en|farther}} {{q|in [[non-rhotic]] accents}}

• داڕێژە:homophones (in accents with flapping)
• داڕێژە:homophones (in non-rhotic accents)

بەکارھێنانی تێبینییەکان

• These notes should not take the place of context labels when those are adequate for the job.
• Describe how a term is used, rather than trying to dictate how it should be used from your point of view.
• Curb the tendency to be long-winded in this section; brief explicit notes tend to be more effective.
• When mentioning entries in running text, use the {{m}} template, which italicizes entries written in Latin script.
• Be prepared to document these notes with references.

وتەکان

وتاری سەرەکی: Wiktionary:Quotations

Quotations are generally placed under the definition which they illustrate. If there is more than one being provided, or where this is not possible (e.g., a very early usage that does not clearly relate to a specific sense of the word), a separate section should be used. Quotations here are formatted normally but without definition numbers.

• 1561, Flat Footed (translator), Platypus (author), Odes, chapter 3, line 12:

  The hrunk it hrunketh every day.

ھاوماناکان

This is a list of words that have similar meanings as the word being defined. They are often very inexact.

Where several definitions of the headword exist, synonyms can be given in a separate list for each meaning:

1. Summarise the definition for which synonyms are being given with {{sense}}.
2. List the synonyms for this definition, in alphabetical order and separated by commas, wikifying each synonym using {{l}}.
3. Use one line for each definition, beginning each line with a bullet.

The synonyms section for apogee might look like this:

* {{sense|point in an orbit}} {{l|en|apocenter}}, {{l|en|apoapsis}}, {{l|en|apsis}}
* {{sense|highest point}} {{l|en|acme}}, {{l|en|culmination}}, {{l|en|zenith}}

To avoid identical lengthy lists of synonyms in many entries a single reference can be made in each to a common Thesaurus page:

* {{sense|highest point}} See also [[Thesaurus:apex]]

An alternative to listing synonyms in a separate section is their placement immediately under the corresponding definition lines with {{synonyms}}:

# The point, in an orbit about the Earth, that is furthest from the Earth.
#: {{synonyms|en|apocenter|apoapsis|apsis}}
# The highest point.
#: {{synonyms|en|acme|culmination|zenith}}

The choice between the two formats is subject to editorial discretion.

Further semantic relations

وتاری سەرەکی: Wiktionary:Semantic relations

The following headers are available to define sections containing semantically related words other than synonyms: Antonyms, Hypernyms, Hyponyms, Meronyms, Holonyms, Troponyms, Coordinate terms, See also.

Each of these sections is formatted exactly like the Synonyms section (see above).

All links in these sections use the {{l}} template rather than plain wikilinks.

زاراوە داتاشراوەکان

List terms in the same language that are morphological derivatives. For example, the noun driver is derived, by addition of the suffix -er, from the verb to drive. If it is not known from which part of speech a certain derivative was formed it is necessary to have a “Derived terms” header on the same level as the part of speech headings.

All links in this section use the {{l}} template rather than plain wikilinks.

زاراوە پەیوەندیدارەکان

List words in the same language that have strong etymological connections but aren’t derived terms. Each such term should be wikified. For example, datum and data should point to each other in this section since the latter is the plural of the former, and the plural form is not obtained by morphological derivation but was taken directly from Latin (where it is a morphological derivation). Another example is the pair of nouns pendant and pennant. These should cross-reference each other as they have very similar (arguably identical) etymologies in some subsenses.

Collocations

وتاری سەرەکی: Wiktionary:Collocations

Collocations are combinations of words that occur with much higher frequency than would be expected by chance.

Collocations may either be added under the corresponding sense using {{coi}} or {{co}} (after all nyms but before all examples), or under a dedicated ====Collocations==== header, as described in Wiktionary:Collocations.

Descendants

List terms in other languages that have borrowed or inherited the word. The etymology of these terms should then link back to the page.

وەرگێڕانەکان

وتاری سەرەکی: Wiktionary:Translations

• تەنیا ئەو وەرگێڕانانە زیاد بکە کە لێیان دڵنیای. ئەگەر بە زمانێک ئاشنا نیت، یان لە وەرگێرانەکە دڵنیا نیت، ئەوا زۆر باشترە کە زیادی نەکەیت وەک لەوەی وەرگێڕانێکی ھەڵە زیاد بکەیت و مەترسیی لێ بکەوێتەوە.
• قەت بەرنامەی وەرگێڕانی خۆگەڕ بەکارمەھێنە بۆ دروستکردنی وەرگێران لە کوردییەوە بۆ زمانێک کە قسەی پێ ناکەیت. بە ھەمان شێوە وەرگێرانی خۆگەڕ بۆ کوردی کێشەدارە. بەرنامەکانی وەرگێڕان بەدەگمەن ئەنجامی ورد دەدەن.
• لە فەرھەنگەکانی وەرگێڕانەوە کۆپی مەکە (جا چ دووانەزمان بێ یان فرەزمان) چونکە لەوانەیە ئەمە پێشێلکردنی مافی چاپ بێت. ئەمە بەسەر ھەردوو جۆری فەرھەنگە چاپکراوەکان و سەرھێڵەکانیش جێبەجێ دەبێت. دەشێ ئەو فەرھەنگانەی کە لەژێر پاوانی گشتین بەکاربھێندرێن.

• Translations should be given in English entries, and also in Translingual entries for taxonomic names. Entries for languages other than English and Translingual should not have Translations sections. Any translation between two foreign languages is best handled on the Wiktionaries in those languages.

• نابێت وشە گەردانکراوە کوردییەکان وەرگێڕانیان ھەبێت. بۆ نموونە، دارەکان نابێ ھەیبێ، چونکە شێوەی کۆی دارە. لە وەھا سەروشەیەک کە چەند مانایەکی ھەیە، ئەم مانایانە پێویستە وەرگێڕانیان ھەبێت. بۆ نموونە، ناوی building پێویستە وەرگێڕانەکانی ھەبێ، بەڵام ڕانەبردووی دووری build نابێ ھەیبێ.

• The translation section is separated into a number of divisions that are keyed to the various meanings of the English word. Each division is separated into a distinct collapsible navigation box by use of the translation section templates (see below for example.) The boxes are each headed by a summary of the translated meaning.

• لەناو ھەر سندووقێک، ئەو زمانە بەردەستانە کە وەرگێرانیان بۆ وشەکە ھەیە بەپێی ئەلفوبێی ناوەکانیان ڕیز کراون و بە دوو ستوونیش جیاکراونەتەوە. ناوی زمانەکە کە خاڵێکی لەپێشە (و ئاوا دروست دەکرێت: *) بەدوایدا جووتخاڵێک و وەرگێڕانەکانی زمانەکە دێت. دوو ستوونەکە لەناو سندووقە ڕێدۆزییە نووشتاوەکە لەڕێگەی زیادکردنی داڕێژەی {{trans-top}} ڕێک لەپێش یەکەم زمان، {{trans-mid}} لە نیوەی ڕێیەکە بەرەو خوارەوە و، {{trans-bottom}} لەو ھێڵەی دوای کۆتا وەرگێڕان دروست دەبن.

• بۆ ھەر وەرگێڕانێک داڕێژەی {{t}} بەکاربێنە. ئەمە بەستەرێک بۆ ئەو وشەیە لەم ویکیفەرھەنگەدا و دانەیەکی بچووکیش بۆ ئەو ویکیفەرھەنگەی ئەم وشەیە دروست دەکات. دەبێت سەرچاوەکانی وەرگێڕانەکە لە پەڕەکەی تر بێ نەک لە پێڕستی وەرگێڕانەکە. ئەگەر وا بیر دەکەیتەوە کە {{t}} زۆر ئاڵۆزە، ئەوا ھەر ئاسایی وەرگێڕانەکە بخە ناو [].

• Translations not in the Latin script should display a transliteration according to that language’s transliteration policy, unless the policy states otherwise.

• Do not link the language name.
  • Correct:

    • Portuguese: cachorro m

  • Incorrect:

    • Portuguese: cachorro m

• Provide the grammatical gender of the translations of nouns, if appropriate, giving parameters such as m, f, n and c for “masculine”, “feminine”, “neuter” and “common” respectively to {{t}}.

• Do not add the pronunciation of the translation or detailed grammatical information: such information should be provided on the page for the translation itself.

• Ensure that multiple translations are given in full. For example, for the German for “ankle”, which is Knöchel or Fußknöchel, write:

  • German: Knöchel m, Fußknöchel m

rather than just combining the two as “(Fuß-) Knöchel” or similar, which is liable to be misunderstood.

• Do not give literal (word-for-word) translations of idioms, unless the literal translation is what is actually used in the target language. Most idioms do not translate word for word. For example, the idiom “none of your beeswax” cannot be translated into German literally as “nicht dein Bienenwachs”, as this does not have the same meaning in German; an idiomatic translation is “nicht dein Bier” (which means, literally, “not your beer” in English).

• Do not give translations back into English of idiomatic translations. For example, when translating “bell bottoms” into French as “pattes d’éléphant”, do not follow this with the literal translation back into English of “elephant’s feet”. While this sort of information is undoubtedly interesting, it belongs in the entry for the translation itself.

Here is an example (a shortened version of the entry for orange) illustrating some of the conventions:

===ناون===
{{en-noun}}

# The [[fruit]] of the [[orange tree]].
# The [[reddish]]-[[yellow]] [[colour]] of an orange.

====وەرگێڕانەکان====
{{trans-top|fruit of the orange tree}}
* French: {{t|fr|orange|f}}
* German: {{t|de|Apfelsine|f}}, {{t|de|Orange|f}}
* Japanese: {{t|ja|オレンジ|tr=orenji}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Russian: {{t|ru|апельси́н|m}}
* Serbo-Croatian:
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|наранџа|f|sc=Cyrl}}, {{t|sh|поморанџа|f|sc=Cyrl}}
*: Roman: {{t|sh|narandža|f}}, {{t|sh|pomorandža|f}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|colour of an orange}}
* German: {{t|de|Orange|n}}
* Hebrew: {{t|he|כתום|m|tr=katóm|alt=כתום \ כָּתֹם}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Latvian: {{t|lt|oranžs|m}}
{{trans-bottom}}

• When a translation in the target language is not a lemma form, use alt parameter to display the translation but use lemma-forms as the page name, e.g. the Russian translation of asleep links to the Russian verb спать (spatʹ, “to sleep”) but displays спя́щий (spjáščij, literally “sleeping”), which is an equivalent of asleep.

...
* Russian: {{t+|ru|спать|alt=спя́щий|sc=Cyrl}}
...

• When there is no single word equivalent in the target language, use {{t}} with embedded wikilinks for the individual words. For example the Russian translation of livelihood:

...
* Russian: {{t|ru|[[средство|сре́дства]] [[к]] [[существование|существова́нию]]|n-p}}
...

Result:

• Russian: сре́дства к существова́нию n pl (srédstva k suščestvovániju)

Trivia

Other observations may be added, under the heading “Trivia”. Because of the unlimited range of possibilities, no formatting details can be provided.

ئەمانەش ببینە

بەشی «ئەمانەش ببینە» بۆ بەستەردان بە سەروشەکان و/یان پەڕەکانی تری سەر ویکیفەرھەنگ وەک پاشکۆکان و پۆلەکان بەکاردێت. ئەم بەشە بۆ بەستەردان بە وێبگە دەرەکییەکانی وەک ویکیپیدیا یان ئینسایکلۆپیدیاکانی تر و فەرھەنگەکان بەکارمەھێنە.

سەرچاوەکان

وتاری سەرەکی: Wiktionary:References

The “References” section contains reference works where users can verify the information available on our entries. This improves the reliability and usefulness of Wiktionary. References are especially encouraged for unusual or disputable claims in etymologies — such as the etymology of windhover — or usage notes.

• References may be given in a normal bibliographic format showing author, title, place of publication, publisher and year of publication.
• Reference templates are used for some of the most common sources.

خوێندنەوەی زیاتر

The “Further reading” section contains simple recommendations of further places to look.

• This section may be used to link to external dictionaries and encyclopedias, (for example, Wikipedia, or 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica) which may be available online or in print.
• This section is not meant to prove the validity of what is being stated on the Wiktionary entries (the “References” section serves that purpose).

نموونەکان:

• داڕێژە:R:Century 1911
• داڕێژە:R:Webster 1913

Anagrams

وتاری سەرەکی: Wiktionary:Anagrams

Anagrams may be entered in alphabetical order under a level 3 header ===Anagrams===. Only list anagrams that are words in the same language. You may include the alphagram which is not wikied unless it is itself a word. For post, the anagrams section would look like this:

* {{anagrams|en|OTPs|POTS|PTOs|Spot|opts|pots|spot|stop|tops}}

دراوەی مێتا

This is material which is edited in a regular edit box, but does not appear in the entry when it is read. In some cases where it appears depends on your user preferences, especially the skin that you have chosen.

بەستەری پۆلەکان

وتاری سەرەکی: Wiktionary:Categorization

A Wiktionary category is a group of related entries which are listed on a category page. Sub-categories may also appear on that page. Categories and lists under various names may seem very similar, but the way they are built is very different; in most cases, but especially in open-ended lists, they complement each other.

To include an entry in a category, simply add a category tag to the entry thus:

[[پۆل:ناوی پۆل]]

The link will appear at the bottom of the page in some skins and at the top in others, regardless of where it is placed in the edit box. Category links are placed one per line at the end of the appropriate language section. Putting these tags in a consistent place makes them easier to find in a longer entry’s edit field. A category link appears red if its category page has not yet been described, but categorized entries will appear there. You should edit a new category page, usually to add a brief description of the category and adding one or more tags to place it in a higher-level category.

By convention, it is preferable to use the plural for most category names that are nouns. This will avoid having a category divided in two when some use the plural and some use the singular.

Some votes are relevant to this section, without specifying text to be amended in this document, so please see them for details:

• Representative entries
• Lexical categories
• Add en: to English topical categories, part 2
• Categories of names 2
• Derivations categories
• Chinese categories
• Rename Category:US Category:American English

وێنەکان

Lemma entries, whether English or non-English, can contain relevant images. Constraints:

• An image of a person relating to the coinage or etymology should be excluded unless another rationale for inclusion applies. Thus, newspeak should not contain an image of George Orwell, and Pythagorean theorem should not contain an image of Pythagoras.

Further constraints may apply on a case-by-case basis, as decided by editors.

ئەمانەش ببینە

• Wiktionary:Votes/2011-04/Sourced policies
• Wiktionary:Votes/pl-2012-03/Removing outdated ELE category text
• Wiktionary:Style guide